Spatiotemporal Variation of Land Surface Temperature in Henan Province of China from 2003 to 2021

Land surface temperature (LST) is a key parameter closely related to various land processes and surface-atmosphere interactions. Analysis of spatiotemporal variation time-series LST may provide useful information understand eco-climatic characteristics. In this study, the pattern its trend characteristics in Henan Province were examined based on MODIS products from 2003 2021. addition, influences cover types, Nighttime Light data (NTL) Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) analyzed. The results indicated that: (i) showed slight rapid decreasing for 2004–2010 2018–2020, respectively, whereas an obvious increasing occurred 2010–2013 2014–2018. terms spatial pattern, high-temperature, sub-high-temperature mainly distributed central part province with higher level industrialization urbanization at annual, spring, summer, daytime scales. While fall, winter, nighttime, distribution exhibited decreased southern northern province, largest Standard Deviation (STD) was observed summer. (ii) interannual rate 0.08 °C/Y. urban built-up areas. At seasonal scales, rising sequentially order than that nighttime. (iii) increased along expansion lands, except winter. annual 84.69% areas NTL positive correlation LST, NDMI western high elevation presented significantly while negative cooling effect greater cropland areas, non-significant scale, fall. influence mechanism different timescales needs be further explored. These findings might some hints climate change causes province.